The following is the transcription of the 26th January 2023 speech at Nillumbik Shire Council citizenship ceremony by the Nillumbik Reconciliation Group.
26 January Flag Raising
JAN
Congratulations to you all on your decision to become Australian citizens. You are in the beautiful Nillumbik Shire on the lands of the Wurundjeri Woiwurrung people of the Kulin nation. We pay our respects to Wurundjeri Woiwurrung Elders and all Aboriginal people here today. We acknowledge it is a difficult day for you, and not one for celebration.
GILLIAN
Today is 26 January, the date on which Governor Phillip raised the British flag, founding the colony of Sydney.
At this time, the original inhabitants of Australia, the First Nations, were living throughout the continent, in 250 nations, each with unique languages. Each nation had a complex cultural life, a sophisticated understanding of their whole environment. They had lived sustainably for some 60,000 years. The colonisers, however, viewed them as inferior, primitive people. Their ownership of the land went unacknowledged. At first they were tolerated but soon became an obstruction to expansion and development.
Their brave warriors fought to defend their lands against the expansion through the country. There was much loss of life, exacerbated by death from introduced diseases for which they had no immunity.
JAN
Laws were passed in each state to ‘manage” the Aboriginal people: to keep them on reserves; to limit their presence in towns; to break down their cultural connections. When children were born to an Aboriginal woman and a white father, it was decreed that they be brought up white.
Men were engaged as patrol officers to gather up these children, removing them from their families, leading to the thousands who became Stolen Generations.
Four decades later, many Aboriginal people still suffer neglect, prejudice, discrimination and racism despite the well-intentioned aid provided by well-meaning governments.
GILLIAN
There have been many Aboriginal and non-Indigenous activists fighting for justice. In 1967, a successful referendum changed the constitution so that Aboriginal people were now counted in our census and the Federal government was authorised to make laws concerning them. The Mabo legislation, Paul Keating’s Redfern speech, and Kevin Rudd’s apology to the Stolen generations have been landmarks. Through actions like these we have been trying to heal the wound in our national identity.
Australia today is a very different country and we know and understand better the truth of the past and its effect. But the violent history remains as traumatic history to new generations of the First Nations. And Australia’s management of the First Nations, who were here in this country before us, remains a wound and a shame.
JAN
In 2015 Aboriginal leaders were feeling utterly desperate with their powerless place in national government. They wanted to have a part in government decisions about Aboriginal people.
They knew there was a change that could heal the wound in the way the First Peoples of this land have been treated.
Something more profound and effective was needed.
Across Australia in 2016 and 2017 Aboriginal leaders organised Regional Dialogues with First Nations people living in cities, towns and remote communities across Australia. They elected Traditional Owners, representatives from Aboriginal organisations and individual Aboriginal leaders who would attend an Australia-wide representative gathering, the National Constitutional Convention. This was held at Uluru, on Anangu land. For four days, they met, they argued, they thought, they talked. Finally, a statement was agreed on.
The Uluru Statement from the Heart, released on 26 May 2017. Gillian will read their statement and generous invitation to all Australians.
ULURU STATEMENT FROM THE HEART
“We, gathered at the 2017 National Constitutional Convention, coming from all points of the southern sky, make this statement from the heart:
Our Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander tribes were the first sovereign Nations of the Australian continent and its adjacent islands and possessed it under our own laws and customs. This our ancestors did, according to the reckoning of our culture, from the Creation, according to the common law from ‘time immemorial’, and according to science more than 60,000 years ago.
This sovereignty is a spiritual notion: the ancestral tie between the land, or ‘mother nature’, and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples who were born therefrom, remain attached thereto, and must one day return thither to be united with our ancestors. This link is the basis of the ownership of the soil, or better, of sovereignty. It has never been ceded or extinguished and co-exists with the sovereignty of the Crown.
How could it be otherwise? That peoples possessed a land for sixty millennia and this sacred link disappears from world history in merely the last two hundred years?
With substantive constitutional change and structural reform, we believe this ancient sovereignty can shine through as a fuller expression of Australia’s nationhood.
Proportionally, we are the most incarcerated people on the planet. We are not an innately criminal people. Our children are aliened from their families at unprecedented rates. This cannot be because we have no love for them. And our youth languish in detention in obscene numbers. They should be our hope for the future.
These dimensions of our crisis tell plainly the structural nature of our problem. This is the torment of our powerlessness.
We seek constitutional reforms to empower our people and take a rightful place in our own country. When we have power over our destiny our children will flourish.
They will walk in two worlds and their culture will be a gift to their country.
We call for the establishment of a First Nations Voice enshrined in the Constitution.
Makarrata is the culmination of our agenda: the coming together after a struggle. It captures our aspirations for a fair and truthful relationship with the people of Australia and a better future for our children based on justice and self-determination.
We seek a Makarrata Commission to supervise a process of agreement-making between governments and First Nations and truth-telling about our history.
In 1967 we were counted, in 2017 we seek to be heard. We leave base camp and start our trek across this vast country. We invite you to walk with us in a movement of the Australian people for a better future.”
JAN
It is now 2023 and we are hearing their request, realising it is a generous and thoughtful answer to this wound in our national identity. The First Nations are a rich and significant part of the nation of Australia and they need their rightful place recognised and the ills of the past given a possibility of healing. If Australia can be recognised internationally as being the home of the oldest living culture in the world, we, too, need to respect and treasure this.
Later this year you will be confronted by your first act as full Australian citizens. You will vote in the referendum to make this change in our constitution.
GILLIAN
Having heard something of the background to it you will see that putting the principle of a Voice to Parliament in the constitution is an action of reconciliation like no other. It involves the will of a majority of the nation. It changes the essence of our democracy. No longer will we be a colonial power looking after people who do not have our full respect.
The First Nations peoples will be there, in our constitution at last. One hundred and twenty two years since constitution was written for the founding of our Federation of states and territories in 1901.
The Voice is an advisory body, not a law making one. The Australian Parliament’s authority remains intact. But there will be the requirement to hear advice from Aboriginal people as they lead a recovery from the traumas of their past treatment. They will be agents of policy change, contributing to legislative decisions. Aboriginal people have told us they do not want recognition in words in a pre-amble to the constitution. They want recognition of Indigenous voices that can be heard in an ongoing and significant way.
JAN
We believe that this vote for a Voice is the beginning of a new Australia, one we will be proud to belong to. We can see an opportunity for change which will renew our hope and pride in our country, the country you have now chosen to call home.
We raise two flags today: the Australian flag and the Aboriginal flag.
Let us imbue these flags with our sincere support for Aboriginal voices; and commit ourselves to listening, hearing and acting in reconciliation.
